In-Person Evaluation vs. File Review
In-Person Evaluation
Expert meets with the claimant to interview, observe, and sometimes test, supplementing record review.
Learn more about In-Person Evaluation →File Review
Expert performs records-only review, typically used when evaluation is impractical or when the record is sufficient.
| Dimension | In-Person Evaluation | File Review |
|---|---|---|
| Data source | Records + direct observation + testing | Records only |
| Depth | Typically deeper; detects inconsistencies | Limited to what records show |
| Cost and time | Higher, requires scheduling and travel | Lower, faster |
| Typical use | Catastrophic or contested cases | Damages analysis when in-person not required |
When to use In-Person Evaluation
Prefer in-person evaluation in catastrophic cases, where cognitive or behavioral factors matter, or where the defense has raised consistency concerns.
When to use File Review
File review is appropriate when records are complete and direct observation adds limited value (International Association of Rehabilitation Professionals, n.d.).
Where they overlap
The underlying methodology (transferable skills analysis (TSA), labor market survey (LMS), records review) is the same. In-person adds clinical observation and testing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will courts give less weight to a file-review opinion?
Depends on the case. Comprehensive file-review opinions are frequently admitted when the record is complete and the methodology is documented (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1993).
References
- Testimony by Expert Witnesses, Federal Rules of Evidence. law.cornell.eduCase Law
- Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993). supreme.justia.comCase Law
- International Association of Rehabilitation Professionals. (n.d.). Standards and ethics: Forensic section. Retrieved July 19, 2026. rehabpro.orgOrganization
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